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Hovedside
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6. Referansedokumenter
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6.1 eNavigation
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6.1.1 MARINE eNAVIGATION
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Making Safe Navigation Easier and Cheaper
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Forrige
Neste
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8. No one can force a ship's crew to navigate safely. But the
clearer and more accurate the information provided, the more likely
it is to happen.
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9. Compare the range of navigational tools offered today on the
bridge of a large merchant ship, with those available to the private
motorist (at one extreme) or the commercial airline pilot (at
another). Consider for example the range of information available,
how it is obtained and how presented to those responsible for
taking decisions. Vast resources have been invested in creating
integrated and prioritised information displays in civil aircraft
cockpits, and even more in military aircraft, where split-second
decision making can make the difference between life and death.
Private automobiles are increasingly marketed with integrated colour
map displays and voice announcements to guide the driver through
unfamiliar territory. These devices are often multilingual and
capable of navigating over very wide geographical areas, managing
a huge complexity of mapping data within a very compact device.
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10. Yet on the bridges of merchant ships one still sees a diverse
range of technologies and equipment 'generations'. Display data is
typically neither integrated nor prioritised. Value added data
management is limited or nonexistent. And displays may require
interpretation by experienced professionals in order to make sense
of the information presented. This situation will be compounded if
we continue to develop new, additional and partially functional
systems to 'complement' existing technologies, rather than focusing
on an integrated, multi-tasking solution. Complexity is a significant
driver of officer training costs.
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11. The marine navigation 'picture' must also be viewed from the
land. Many coastal states today maintain extensive 'legacy'
networks of traditional navigational aids, such as lights, buoys and
radar transmitters. Around the coast of the U.K. and Ireland alone,
the cost of maintaining these networks amounts to £70m (c. $125m)
annually, although much has been invested in modernisation and
automation, reducing operating and maintenance costs.
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12. Helpful though they are as aids to safe navigation, the utility
of these aids is limited by a range of factors, such as visibility in
diverse sea and weather conditions. Moreover these aids are strictly
'passive'. They do not facilitate any oversight from the shore of
navigational decision-making. Apart from harbour pilotage, today
such intervention is facilitiated (through substantial additional
resource investment) only at a handful of sensitive and intensively
trafficked locations, such as the Dover Straits. In most locations,
intensive radar and visual surveillance is impractical and shore to
ship communication is thus of limited utility in supporting safe
navigation.
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