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Hovedside
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6. Referansedokumenter
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6.1 eNavigation
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6.1.1 MARINE eNAVIGATION
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An Integrated Structural Framework for e-Navigation
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Forrige
Neste
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16. It is not hard to describe the key structural components of a
safe and comprehensive e-navigation system:
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accurate, comprehensive and up-to-date electronic navigational
charts ("ENC"s), to a common format, covering the entire
geographical 'span' of a vessel's operation;
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accurate and reliable electronic positioning signals, with 'fail-
safe' performance (probably provided through multiple
redundancy, eg. GPS, Galileo, differential transmitters, Loran C
and defaulting receivers or on-board inertial navigation devices);
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information on vessel route, bearing, manoeuvring parameters
and other status items (hydrological data, ship identification
data, passenger details, cargo type, security status etc), in
electronic format;
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transmission of positional and navigational information ship to
shore, shore to ship and ship to ship;
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clear, integrated display of the above information on board ship
and ashore;
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information prioritisation and alert capability in risk situations
(collision, grounding etc), on ship and ashore.
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17. All of this capability is (or can potentially be) provided by
contemporary technologies. The issues which require to be
addressed in order to realise the potential focus on standardisation
and development. For example:
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there is a need to increase the production and coverage of
ENCs with standard formats and interfaces, accelerate
distribution and promote commercially viable and globally
accepted protocols for ENC production and updating;
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there is a need to agree common standards for the
performance of bridge e- Navigation systems (which
information needs to be captured and how, how should it be
displayed, what should be shared with other vessels and
shore- based navigation control centres);
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there is a need to develop protocols whereby such systems
offer visibility and utility to professional and authorised
users, whilst preventing unauthorised access to,
dissemination of or intervention in safety or security-
critical, real time data transmissions;
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there is a need to develop a shared understanding of the
potential benefits and mechanics of shore oversight,
leading to the design and implementation of shore-based
marine e-Navigation centres covering coastal and,
potentially, international waters. (e-Navigation makes this
approach technically and economically feasible - for
example, there is no reason why the whole East Atlantic
coastline from Gibraltar Straits to the North Cape could not
be overseen by perhaps three e-Navigation centres - one in
the Biscay area, another in the Dover Straits and a third in
the Baltic approaches, providing overlap and redundancy in
case of local systems failure);
there is a need to reach a shared understanding of the future role of
the different types of 'legacy' AtoNs in different locations and
situations, with a view to developing an orderly and safe migration
plan for e-Navigation.
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18. Reference to shore-based e-Navigation centres is
not
intended to imply external intervention and control of the navigation
process to the degree accepted in air navigation. The issues are
different as between the sectors, and different solutions are
appropriate. In the marine environment, locations where such
intervention is warranted on a routine basis would be exceptional,
defined by exceptional risks, whether from traffic congestion,
physical hazards, environmental sensitivity etc (examples might
include Dover, Malacca, Torres, Bosphorus etc.) In the vast majority
of situations, the benefits of shore-based oversight would derive
from a capability to monitor and lend remote assistance on an
exceptions basis, to vessels whose position or course gives rise to
concerns. The potential for long-range observation would also
convey important security benefits, as is already well appreciated.
Marine resource protection, search and rescue and other forms of
incident response are important additional areas which would
potentially benefit.
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